Door-lock.



R. L. SKINNBR.

DOOR LOOK.

APPLIGATIONHLBD MAY 3, 191s.

1,087,198. Y 'Patented Feb.17,1914.

sums-SHEET 1.

aau,

R. L. SKINNER.

DOOR LOCK.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 3, 1913.

Pateted Feb.17,1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

5w vento@ aannam LEE SKINNEB.,

or LE ROY, NEWYOBK.

Specification of Letters latent.

Application led Hay 3, 1913. Serial No. 765,183.

To all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT L. SKINNER, of Le Roy, in the county ofGenesee and 'State of New York, have invented certainV new and usefulImprovements in Door- Locks; and I do hereby declare the following to bea. full, clear, and exact description ofv the same, reference being hadto the accompanying drawings, formin a part of this specication, and tothe re erence-numerals marked thereon. i Y

Y My present invention relates to locks and moreparticularly to knob.locks fordoors,

and it has for its object to rovide a simple,

cheap and eliicient lock of t e thrust spindle type so constructed thatthe-increased friction resulting from the pressure on the door inopening and which must be overcome by the latch during its retractingmovement is greatly reduced. l -A further object of the invention is toprovide a lock of this nature having a safety catch of an improvedconstruction and possessing, among other advantages, characteristicswhereby the catch may beset with the door open and the door then slammedand the latch locked against a second retraction untili released b themanipulation of the safety catch mechanism. l

To these andother ends the invention con sistsv in certain improvementsand'combina'- tions of parts all as will be hereinafter more fullydescribed, the novel features being pointed out in the claims atthe endofthe specification.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a horizontal section throu h a .door lockvconstructed in accordance w1th and illustrating one e m-.

bodiment of my` invention,.adjacent portions of the door and j amb beingalso shown and the parts v'being in normal position, thatiis, with 'thelatch ready to be released by pressure on the knobs; Fig. 2 is asimilarview" with the latch retracted; Fig. 3 is asimilar view withthe latch inlocked position and under the inuence of the safety catch; Fig. 4- is a.section talensubstantiallyon the line 4 4 ofv Fig.' 1; Fig.v 5 is asection through the same parts taken substantially. on -the line 5`5 ofFig. 3; Fig. 6 is a section taken on the line 6-'-6 of Fig. 5, and Fig.7 isade- 'tail section taken 'substantially onthe line 7-7 of Fig;` 3. y

Similar reference numerals throughout the several figures indicatethesam parts.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, A indicates the dori', andB the door usual aperture C and keeper plate D. The door A is preferablybored out as at E to lock mechanism. This supporting member outer endplate 2 flush with the edge surface of the door and an inner ring 3(Fig. 4) which hold the supporting member snugly within the bore E. Theouter end plate 2 is apertured at 3a to allow the projectiontherethrough of the outer end ofthe latch 4 which has an abrupt engagingface 5 and a beveled face 6 on the other or rear side, as usual. rlheinner end of the latch 4 has an anguplns or projections 8 on the support1 but the latch is normally held projected or in the pos1tion shown inFig. 1 -by a spring 9 of the ends to the latch and support andpreferably provided with a 'stifl'ening core 10 to prevent unduedistortion thereof when compressed.

The door knobs 11 and their sleeves 12 are carried in xed relation onatransversely disposed thrust spindle 13 guided inthe escutch- -eonplates 14 of the door and provided at an intermediate point with alaterally project-ing cam l5. yArranged in the path of this cam 'is an upstanding projection or abutment 16 at the inner extremity of the latch4 In the operation ofthe lock as thus far described, when thedoor is tobe opened it rocatory movement but is at the same time swung ordisplaced laterally as shown in lFig. 2v or in a direction away from'the engaging face 5J- It will be noted in this connection that thelower guide pin 8 is ar- -ranged intermediate the -outer end of thelatch "and the point to which the projectioiL 1 6 is carriedby the camso that it acts as a' larly disposed portion 7 guided between two` andof the angularly disposed end portion 7 thereof. s

is .only necessary to pull one knob 11 (the gularly, the latchisgivennot only a recip Patented Feb. rr, 1914i..

receive the main supporting member l of the preferably comprises in anintegral piece an compression type connected at its respective casingforjamb, the latter provided with the l fulcrum to effect this swingingmovement. Thus, as the pressure necessary to operate the spindle 13 isexerted against the knob and hence against the door and communicated tothe latch in its engagement with 'retra/cting movement as will be seenfrom inspection of Fig. 2. When the latch is in the extended position ofFig. l, however, the beveled face 6 is not in engagement with the endplate 2 but instead a squared-olf side of the latch adjacent thereto sothat there is no tendency for itto perform this retracting functionuntil after the movement has progressed some distance under theinfluence of the spindle 13 and cam 15 thereon.

The latch will be seen to be a spring latch that is, one that yieldswith the closing of the door independently of, the knobs andautomatically projects itself into engagement with the keeper plate tobe thereafter released only by manipulation of the knobs. In thisinstance, the retraction of ythe latch is effected in the ordinarymanner by the riding of the incline 6 on the outer edge of the keeperplate. i

In order that the latch may be locked in I its extended position beyondthe cont-rol of the knobs to permit the door to be opened only from theinside or through the use of a key from the outside, what will be termeda safety-catch mechanism is employed. rlhis comprises a detent 17carried, in the present instance, by the latch itself on a pivot 18(Fig. 4) and pressed downwardly Y b a spring 19 so that the normaltendency o the detent is to interlock at its ends with the spindle 13 bydroppin into a depression 20 provided therein (see ig. 5). Thisengagement prevents inward movement of the latch and also prevent? anyreciprocation of the thrust spindle 13 as will hereinafter appear.

Extending longitudinally through the center of the spindle 13 androtatable therein through 90 is a stem or controlling member 21. Thespindle is preferably made in two parts in order that this stem may beinserted i and the parts secured together b the sleeves 12 of the kno-bs11 andalso by pins 22 which also serve to secure the sleeves in fixedposition on the spindle. 0n the inside of the door,'the said stem may berotated at all times by a finger portion 22a projecting from the centerof that knob whereas on the outside the spindle is slotted at 23 toreceive a key so formed as to interlock with a corre-V spondingly formedend portion 24 on the stem, the spindle being cut to form wards 25 asusually required in locks, In fact, the

said stem may be placed under the control of any particular kind of akey or lock mechanism suitable to the general structure shown and it isvnot thought that .a specific construction need be described any furtherin detail.

The detent 17 is normally held in an inop- -erative position by a cam oreccentric 26 on the stem 21 which, together with an extension thereofconstituting al dog 27, occupies the recess 2O as shown in Figs. 1, 2and 4. When it is desired to bring the safety catch into operatiouand tolock the latch against re-l traction by theknobs, the stem 21 is rotatedto the left which 'throws the cam 26 out of a port-ion of the opening 20but which causes the detent 17 to be raised by the dog 27 and to bestill heldin an inoperative position. Besides its rotary movement, thestem 21 is also movable a limited distance longitudinally. Therefore,when the door is closed and the latch automatically retracts itselfduring which movement the inner end of the latch moves laterally in itsguide 8 in one direction while the outer end is tilted in the other asbefore described, the detent 17 slips ofi' the dog and during thesubsequent `outward movement of the latch into engagement with thekeeper the detent rides along against` the flat surface 28 on one sidethereof and finally drops into the recess 20 preventing a subsequentretraction of the latch or reciprocation on the part of the spindle 13.-

Torelease the latch from the safety catch, it is only necessary torotate the stem 21 back to its former position either by means of thefinger portion 22a on the inside or by the use ofa vkey on the outside.rThe cam portion 26 will then ride the detent 17 out of the recess 20 asshown in Fig. Ltand at the same time a cam surface 29 on the edge of thedo 27 opposite to the straight edge 28 thereo engages/a cam surface 30on the adjacent side of the recess 20 and returns the stem 21 in alongitudinal direction to its former position so that the dog 27 isbrought back beneath the detent in readiness to raise 4 it again, whilethe dog and cam 26 together completely fill'the recess. Thus the safetycatch may be set with the door open and the door then slammed shut andlocked automatically as only one reciprocation or retraction of thelatch is permitted after this setting of the mechanism. Should it bedesired, however, to set .the latch while the door is closed, it is onlynecessary after raising thev dog 27 to manually impart the longitudinalmovement-to the stem 21 that would otherwise be accomplishedautomatically by the detentA either by pressing on the thumb piece 22aor by moving the whole spindle 13, which will ordinarily have enoughplay tol carry the dog 27 from beneath the detent. ln fact, theengagement of these two last named parts is required for only an instantas the detent travels bef I. i,osmos yond the recess immediately theinward movement of the latch starts:

' It will be observed vthat only the one spring is necessary for thewhole mechanism as the projection 16 on the latchriding the -cam 15 onthe spindle. returns the latter to a normal or central position. TheAthrust of the spindle in'one direction is halted by ciprocatory latchmember having\an abrupt,

engaging face for coperation with the keeper plate and, a transverselydisposed' i thrust spindle operating to retract the latch member, of aguide for' the latter adapted'to effect a lateral displacement thereofcoincidently with its longitudinalreciprocation whereby its engagingface is caused to recede from -the keeper during vthe retraction of thelatch. 2. In a lock, the combination with aY reciprocatory latch havinganabru-pt en-gagf ing face for coperation with the keeper plate and a'transversely disposed thrust spindle operatingto retract the latchmember, of a guide for the latter coperating with the inner end thereofand adapted to eect a lateral displacement. of the latch, coincidentlywith vits longitudinal reciprocation whereby its engaging face at theopposite'end is caused to recede from the keeper plate during the.retraction of the latch.

3. In a lock, the combination with an' M apertured supporting member, areciprocatory latch member carried thereby having an outer endnormally-projecting through the aperture and provided with an abrupten-` gaging face on one side for cooperation with the keeper and abeveled face on the other side and a transversely disposed thrustspindle operating to retract ythe latch member, of a guide for thelatter coperating with the inner end thereof and adapted Ato eii'ect 'Ya lateral displacement of the latch coincidently with its longitudinalreciprocation whereby the engaging face is caused to recede from thekeeper plate during the re. traction ofthe latch, the beveled face atits outer end beihg arrangedl to coperate meanwhile With a wall of theaperture in the support' to accelerate the retracting movement.

4. In a lock, the combination with a 'reciprocatory latch member havinan abrupt engaging face at its outer en'd or coperation With the keeperplate and a transversely dlsposed thrustspindle operating to retract thelatch^l member,'of a guiding memb er coperating with an iintermediateportion of the latch and a pa 1t adapted to engage vthe l latch beyondYthe guiding member and to rock it on the v latter to elfecta lateraldisplacement of the outer endY coincidently with its recziprocationwhereby its engaging face is caused to recedefrom the keeper during theretraction of the latch.

5. Ina lock, the combination-with a reciprocatory latch 4member havinganabrupt on the spindle .l

engaging-.face alt its outer end for copera tion with the keeper plateland a transversely disposed thrust spindle operating to retract spindlebeing provided vwith coperating the vlatch member, said latch memberand' -abutments one of which' has a cani face, of

a guiding member on the support coperating withv a l'portion of thelatch member intermediate the said abutment and thefouter end of thelatch member whereby the engagement of the abutment on the spindle'effects a lateral displacementofthe outer kend lof the latch membercoi-ncidentlyjwith its longitudinal reciprocation and its engaging -faceis lcaused to recede fromfthe v keeper during the retraction 'of thelatch.

6. In a lock, the combination with a reciprocatory latch member and atransversely disposed thrust spindle operating-to Aretract the latchmember, of a sa ety catch embody# ing a detent carried onone of themembers and adapted '.to yinterlock withv the otherwherebyv bothftheretraction of the latch and the thrust of the spindle is prevented.

7. In a lock, the combination with av re#y ciprocatory latch member anda'transversely -rlisposed thrustspindlefoperating to retract he latchmember, of-.a safety catch embodying a detent carried on one of themembers dgfhavin'g'bff and.' on positions in which 'latter itl isadapted to interlock with the otherv member wherebyfboth the retraction"of the'latch and the thrust'of the'spindle isi prevented, and 4acontrolling device for thev .detent carried by the thrust spindle andarranged to hold the detent in one of its said positions. N v v 8. In alock, the combinationwith a re' ciprocatory latch and a transverselydisposed thrust spindle yoperating to retract the latch, of a safetycatch embodying a detent carried'by the latch and having a nor- `maltendency to interlock with the thrust.l

spindle and afrotary controlling device eX- tending 'through thespindleand embodying a cam. operating to throw thedetent toan inoperativespindle.

position with reference to the I v'125 9. In' a lock, thecombinationwith a re v i ciprocatory latch and 'a transversely dis- 1posed` thrust spindle operating to retract l the latch, of a safety catch embodying a de'- tent carried by one lof "the, parts and Ahavaso;

ing a normal tendency to interlock. With the other, a controlling deviceoperating to throw the detent to an inoperative position and means f rautomatically displacing the controlling means to allow the detent t0assume an operative position upon the next reciprocation of the latch.

l0. In a lock, the combination With a reciprocatory latch and atransversely disposed thrust spindle operating-to retract the latch, ofa safety catch embodying a detent carried by one of the parts andhavinga normal tendency tointerlock with the other, a controlling devicenormally operating to hold the detent in' its operative position, meansset by the movement of the controlling device in one direct-ionl forautomatically displacing the latter during the next '.reciprocation ofthe latch to permit the detent to assume an operative position and meansfor manually so displacing'theontrolling device independently of anyrecip-V rocation of the` latch.

Jl1. ln a lock, the combination With a reciprocatory latch and atransversely disposed thrust `spindle operating to retract the latch, ofa safety catch embodying a detentA carried by one of the parts andhaving a normal tendency to interlock With the other, a controllingdevice Within the spindle norymally operating to hold. the 'detent inits inoperativey position, means set by the rotamamas tion of thecontrolling device for automatically displacing the latterlongitudinally during the next reciprocation of the latch to permit thedetent to assume an operative position and means for manually sodisplacing the controlling device independently of any reciprocation ofthe latch.

12. `-ln a lock, the combination with a reciprocatory latch and atransversely ldis-v stem adapted to holdthe detent in inopera.

tive position when the stem is rotated to carry the said part thereonout ofthe recess, the detent being adapted to' ride oil of the dog whenreciprocated and to actuate the same laterally to move the stemlongitudinally Wherebythe detent is permitted to engage Within therecessand prevent subsequent reciprocation of the latch:

HUBERT LEE SKINNER.

Witnesses:

FRED Sn'rz, l CHAS. W. SKnvNER.

